Surface
water is collection of water on the ground or in a stream, river,
lake, wetland, or ocean. Surface water is naturally replenished by
precipitation and naturally lost through discharge to evaporation
and sub-surface seepage into the groundwater. The availability of
surface water in a watershed depends upon the precipitation within
the watershed, storage capacity of the watershed (lakes, wetlands
and artificial reservoirs), permeability of the soil, runoff characteristics
of the land, timing of precipitation and the local evaporation rates
etc. Read More
Ground
Water
Part
of the precipitation is lost as the interception loss, partly flows
as runoff, partly gets evaporated and goes back to atmosphere, partly
gets collected in the deeper areas (like lakes and reservoirs) and
some used by the plants. The remaining precipitation seeps in the
ground. Some amount of the percolated water adheres to the root of
the plants and voids between the soils particles. This moisture provides
plants the water they need to grow. Water not used by plants moves
deeper into the ground.Read More
Water quality is
the measure of suitability of water for a particular use based on
its selected physical, chemical and biological characteristics. Various
parameters of the water are measured which later compared with the
standard guidelines and then decided on the suitability of the water
for particular use. Read More
Floods
and Droughts
A flood is an unusually
high stage in river- normally the level at which the river overflows
its bank and inundates the adjoining area. The damage caused by the
floods in terms of loss of life, property and economic loss due to
disruption of economic activities are all too well known. Read
More
